Processor (CPU)
A processor or microprocessor is just only a small chip that resides in computers and other electronic devices to performs arithmetical, logical, input/output and other basic instructions in a single click. Its basic job is to receive input and provide the appropriate output. Modern CPUs often include multiple processing cores, which work together to process instructions. The CPU is seen as the main and most crucial integrated circuitry (IC) chip in a computer, as it is responsible for interpreting most of computers commands.
Generally in easy word processor is the brain of the computer or other electronic device. Without this component computer or other electronic device is just only a piece of useless. A processor provides the instructions and processing power to the computer needs to do its work. The more powerful and updated your processor, the faster your computer can complete its tasks. By getting a more powerful processor, you can help your computer think and work faster.
History of Processor :
The first working CPU was delivered to Busicom in February, 1971. It was called "Microcomputer on a chip" (the word microprocessor wasn't used until 1972). The first known advertisement for the 4004 is dated back to November 1971, it appeared in Electronic News. The first commercial product to use a microprocessor was the Busicom calculator 141-PF. After Intel delivered the four chips, Busicom eventually sold some 100000 calculators. When Intel industry know this then the company cleverly decided to buy back the design and marketing rights to the 4004 from Busicom for $60000. Intel followed a clever marketing plan to encourage the development of applications for the 4004 chip, leading to its widespread use within months.
The Intel 4004 was the world's first microprocessor—a complete general-purpose CPU on a single chip. Released in March 1971, and using cutting-edge silicon-gate technology, the 4004 marked the beginning of Intel's rise to global dominance in the processor industry. From that day Intel become the world first microprocessor producing company as well as we know the success of Intel increase daily from that day when he bought the first processor from Busicom.
Need for Processor (CPU)
A CPU interprets the program's instructions and creates the output that you interface with when you're using a computer. A processor is made up of hardware that works together to deliver information, allowing your computer to complete the tasks that you request when you open an application or make changes to a file.
In simple words we can say that the processor is a conglomerate of different even more basic stuffs like ALU(arithmetic logical unit), cache, etc etc which is basically the device which coordinates all the ramaining devices of the computer, makes decisions, decides how to perform an operation by drawing instruction from a predifined instruction set, does mathemetical calculations like addition, multiplication, etc etc, and hence is one of the most crucial parts needed to make the concept of coumputing reality.
From 1971 computer processors are become smaller, cheaper, faster, durable, and stable. Intel and other brands like AMD, Snapdragon, etc are making their processor fast at compete from other brands. But in today generation all processor company provide inbuilt GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) which use in computer for playing games, editing, graphic designing, etc.
Types of Processor (CPU)
Some of the processor manufacturer companies like Intel, AMD, Qualcomm, Motorola, Samsung, IBM, Huawei, etc. manufacture processors which are small size chips made by silicon that are placed inside the devices to perform the task or operation within seconds and its speed is measured in terms of megahertz. The fetching, decoding, executing and write back the instructions are the four main primary functions of the processor. In mobile phones, laptops, computers, washing machines, etc. processors are used.
There are mainly five types of general-purpose processors
1. Microprocessor :
Microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable logic device that reads binary instructions from a storage device called memory accepts binary data as input and processes data according to those instructions and provides result as output. The microprocessor is also called a general-purpose processor that consists of a control unit, ALU, a bunch of registers also called scratchpad registers, control registers and status registers.
Example : Intel Pentium 111, IBM PowerPC 750X, SA-110, etc.
2. Microcontroller :
A microcontroller is a small computer in a single integrated circuit which is dedicated to perform one task and execute one specific application. It contains memory, programmable input/output peripherals as well as processor. Microcontrollers are heavily used in automatically controlled electronic devices such as cellphones, cameras, microwave ovens, washing machines, etc.
3. Embedded Processor :
It is a type of processor which is designed to control mechanical functions and electrical functions. Embedded systems are commonly found in consumer, cooking, industrial, automotive, and medical applications. This are are usually simple in design, limited in computational power and I/O capabilities, and have minimum power requirements.
Some examples of embedded systems are MP3 players, mobile phones, video game consoles, digital cameras, DVD players, and GPS.
4. Digital Signal Processor (DSP):
Digital Signal Processors take real-world signals like voice, audio, video, temperature, pressure, or position then it have been digitized and then mathematically manipulate them. A DSP is designed for performing mathematical functions like add, subtract, multiply and divide very quickly. This are generally used in News company, weather forcasting and other climate related companies.
5. Media Processor :
A media processor is mostly used as an image/video processor, is a microprocessor-based system-on-a-chip which is designed to deal with digital streaming data in real-time rates.
What Is GPU (Graphic Processing Unit)
GPUs aren't just good for gaming - there have business applications too. If we think of a central processing unit (CPU) as the logical thinking section of a computer’s brain, then the graphics processing unit (GPU) is its creative side, helping render graphical user interfaces into visually attractive icons and designs rather than reams of black and white lines.
While many CPUs come with some form of integrated GPU to ensure that Windows can be displayed on a connected screen, there is a myriad of more intensive graphics-based tasks, such as video rendering and computer-aided design (CAD) that often require a dedicated or discreet GPU notably in the form of a graphics card.
"GPU" became a popular term for the component that powers graphics on a machine in the 1990s, when it was coined by chip manufacturer Nvidia. The company's GeForce range of graphics cards were the first to be popularised and related technologies such as hardware acceleration, rendering, editing, gaming, programmable shading and stream processing and other feature items.
GPUs are most commonly used to drive high-quality gaming experiences, producing life-like digital graphics and super-slick rendering. However, there are also several business applications that rely on powerful graphics chips. Today GPU is mostly use in stock market, business deals, software developing, website creating, 3D image designing, etc.
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